2024-3-14

This commit is contained in:
2024-03-14 20:36:54 +08:00
parent 3c1d1432d5
commit 0dd8916b05
10 changed files with 554 additions and 41 deletions

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Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 12.00
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template <class DT>
struct LNode //链表结点
{
DT data; //数据域,存储数据元素值
LNode* next; //指针域,指向下一个结点
};
//算法2.1
template <class DT>
bool PriorElem_e(LNode<DT>* L, DT e, DT& pre_e) // 求值为e的元素前驱
{
int k;
k = LocateElem_e(L, e); // 1.获取e的位序k
if (k > 1) // 2.位序k大于1
{
GetElem_i(L, k - 1, pre_e); // 第k-1个元素为e的前驱
return true;
}
else // 3.元素e无前驱
return false; // 返回false
}
//【算法2.14】 创建空单链表
template <class DT>
bool InitList(LNode<DT>*& L)
{
L = new LNode<DT>; // 1.创建头结点
if (!L) exit(1); // 2.创建失败,退出
L->next = NULL; // 3.创建成功
return true; // 返回true
}
//【算法2.15】 尾插法创建n的元素
template <class DT>
bool CreateList_1(LNode<DT>*& L, int n)
{
int i;
LNode<DT>* p, * s;
p = L; //1.工作指针初始化,指向尾结点
cout << "依次输入" << n << "个数据元素:" << endl;
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) // 2.按元素位序正序创建各结点
{
s = new LNode<DT>; // 2.1 新建一个结点s
if (!s) // 2.2 创建失败返回false
return false;
cin >> s->data; // 2.3 输入结点值
s->next = p->next; // 2.4 s 链在表尾
p->next = s;
p = s; // 2.5 工作指针指向 s
}
return true; // 3.创建成功返回true
}
//【算法2.16】 头插法创建n个元素
template <class DT>
bool CreateList_2(LNode<DT>* (&L), int n)
{
int i;
LNode<DT>* s;
cout << "逆序输入" << n << "个数据元素:" << endl;
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) // 1.按元素位序逆序创建各结点
{
s = new LNode<DT>; // 1.1 新建一个结点 s
if (!s) // 1.2 创建失败返回false
return false;
cin >> s->data; // 1.3 输入结点值
s->next = L->next; // 1.4 s 在头结点后
L->next = s;
}
return true; // 1.创建成功返回true
}
//【算法2.17】
template <class DT>
void DestroyList(LNode<DT>* (&L)) // 释放链表所占空间
{
LNode<DT>* p;
while (L) // 1. 表非空,从头结点开始,依次释放结点
{
p = L; // 1.1 处理表头结点
L = L->next; // 1.2 头指针后移
delete p; // 1.3 释放表头结点所占内存
}
L = NULL; // 2.头指针指向空
}
//【算法2.18】 获取第i个元素
template<class DT>
bool GetElem_i(LNode<DT>* L, int i, DT& e)
{
LNode<DT>* p; // 1.初始化
p = L->next; // 1.1 设置工作指针,从首结点开始数结点
int j = 1; // 1.2 计数器初始化
while (p && j < i) // 2.定位到第i个元素结点
{
p = p->next; j++;
}
if (!p || j > i) // 3 未找到返回false
return false;
else // 4. 找到
{
e = p->data; // 获取第i个元素值
return true; // 返回true
}
}
//【算法2.19】 查找值为e的元素位序
template<class DT>
int LocateElem_e(LNode<DT>* L, DT e)
{
LNode<DT>* p; // 1.初始化从首元开始查找
p = L->next; // 1.1从首元开始查找
int j = 1; // 1.2 计数器初值
while (p && p->data != e) // 2.顺序查找
{
p = p->next; // 2.1未找到指针后移
j++; // 2.2 计数器增1
}
if (p == NULL) // 3. 判断是否找到
return 0; // 3.1末找到返回0
else
return j; // 3.2 找到,返回位序
}
//【算法2.20】 插入第i个元素
template<class DT>
bool InsertElem_i(LNode<DT>*& L, int i, DT e)
{
int j = 0;
LNode<DT>* p; // 1.初始化
p = L; // 工作指针初始化
while (p && j < i - 1) // 2. 定位到插入点前驱
{
p = p->next;
j++;
}
if (!p || j > i - 1) // 3.判断定位是否成功:
return false; // 3.1 定位失败,不能插入
else // 3.2 定位成功
{
LNode<DT>* s;
s = new LNode<DT>; // 3.2.1建立新结点
s->data = e; // 3.2.2新结点赋值
s->next = p->next; // 3.2.3结点S链接到p结点之后
p->next = s;
return true; // 3.2.4 插入成功返回true
}
}
//【算法2.21】 删除第i个元素
template<class DT>
bool DeleElem_i(LNode<DT>* (&L), int i)
{
LNode<DT>* p, * q; //1.初始化:设置工作指针
p = L; //查找从头结点开始
int j = 0; //计数器初始化
while (p->next && j < i - 1) //2.p定位到删除点的前驱
{
p = p->next;
j++;
}
if (!p->next || j > i - 1) //3.删除位置不合理,不能删除
return false; //返回false
else //4.删除操作
{
q = p->next; //4.1暂存删除结点位置
p->next = q->next; //4.2从链表中摘除删除结点
delete q;
return true; //4.3删除成功返回true
}
}
//【算法2.22】 修改第i个元素值
template<class DT>
bool PutElem_i(LNode<DT>* (&L), int i, DT e)
{
LNode<DT>* p; // 1.初始化:设置工作指针
p = L->next; // 从首结点开始,数结点
int j = 1; // 计数器初始化
while (p && j < i) // 2.查找第i个元素结点
{
p = p->next; j++;
}
if (!p || j > i) // 3.元素不存在,返回false
return false;
else // 4.定位成功
{
p->data = e; // 修改元素值
return true; // 返回true
}
}
// 释放链表所占空间
template<class DT>
void ClearList(LNode<DT>* (&L))
{
LNode<DT>* p;
while (L->next) // 从首元结点开始,依次释放结点
{
p = L->next;
L->next = p->next;
delete p;
}
cout << endl << "表已清空!" << endl;
}
//【算法2.23】 测表长
template<class DT>
int ListLength(LNode<DT>* L)
{ // 1.初始化
int len = 0; // 1.1 结点计数器赋初值0
LNode<DT>* p; // 1.2设置工作指针
p = L; // 指向头结点
while (p->next) // 2.数结点个数。有后继结点,
{
len++; p = p->next; // 结点数增1指针后移
}
return len; // 3.返回表长
}
//
template<class DT>
bool ListEmpty(LNode<DT>* L) //测表空
{
if (L->next == NULL)
return true; //空表返回1
else
return false; //不空返回0
}
//【算法2.24】 遍历表
template <class DT>
void DispList(LNode<DT>* L) // 显示表内容
{
LNode<DT>* p; // 1. 设置工作指针
p = L; // 从首元结点开始遍历
while (p->next) // 2.依次输出各结点值
{
p = p->next; cout << p->data << "\t";
}
cout << endl;
}

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#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "LinkList.h"
template <class DT>
bool CreateListNoRepeat(LNode<DT>*& L, int n)
{
int i;
LNode<DT>* p, * s;
p = L;
cout << "依次输入" << n << "个数据元素:" << endl;
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
{
int temp;
cin >> temp;
if (LocateElem_e(L, temp)) i--;
else
{
s = new LNode<DT>;
if (!s) return false;
s->data = temp;
s->next = p->next;
p->next = s;
p = s;
}
}
return true;
}
template <class DT>
void Union(LNode<DT>*& A, LNode<DT>*& B, int length_a, int length_b)
{
for (int i = 1; i <= length_b; ++i) // as "i = 0" is the head node
{
int temp;
GetElem_i(B, i, temp); // You should manually get the element instead of using B.elem[i]
if (LocateElem_e(A, temp) == 0)
{
InsertElem_i(A, ++length_a, temp); // ++length_a to always insert at the end
}
}
}
template <class DT>
void Intersection(LNode<DT>*& A, LNode<DT>*& B, int length_a)
{
int k = 0;
for (int i = 1; i <= length_a; ++i)
{
int temp;
GetElem_i(A, i, temp);
if (LocateElem_e(B, temp) == 0)
{
DeleElem_i(A, i);
}
}
}
int main()
{
LNode<int>* A;
LNode<int>* B;
InitList(A);
InitList(B);
int length_a, length_b;
cout << "请输入集合A的元素个数: ";
cin >> length_a;
CreateListNoRepeat(A, length_a);
cout << "请输入集合B的元素个数: ";
cin >> length_b;
CreateListNoRepeat(B, length_b);
cout << "集合A: ";
DispList(A);
cout << "集合B: ";
DispList(B);
Union(A, B, length_a, length_b); // You should manually pass the length of the list instead of using A.length
cout << "AB: ";
DispList(A);
while (true)
{
if (!DeleElem_i(A, length_a + 1)) break; // Delete elements after the original list A
}
Intersection(A, B, length_a);
cout << "A∩B: ";
DispList(A);
DestroyList(A);
DestroyList(B);
return 0;
}

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template <class DT>
struct SqList // 顺序表
{
DT* elem; // 表首址
int length; // 表长
int size; // 表容量
};
//算法2.1
template <class DT>
bool PriorElem_e(SqList<DT> L, DT e, DT& pre_e) // 求值为e的元素前驱
{
int k;
k = LocateElem_e(L, e); //
if (k > 1)
{
GetElem_i(L, k - 1, pre_e);
return false;
}
else
return true;
}
//【算法2.2】 初始化
template <class DT>
bool InitList(SqList<DT>& L, int m)
{
L.elem = new DT[m]; // 申请表空间
if (L.elem == NULL)
{
cout << "未创建成功!"; // 申请不成功,退出
exit(1);
}
L.length = 0; // 申请成功属性赋值。空表表长为0
L.size = m; // 表容量为m
return true;
}
//【算法2.3】 创建表元素
template <class DT>
bool CreateList(SqList<DT>& L, int n)
{
int i;
if (n > L.size) // 1.元素个数大于表容量,不能创建。
{
cout << "元素个数大于表长,不能创建!" << endl;
return false;
}
cout << "请依次输入" << n << "个元素值:" << endl; // 2.依位序输入各元素值
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
cin >> L.elem[i - 1];
L.length = n; // 3.表长为创建的元素个数
return true;
}
//【算法2.4】 销毁顺序表
template <class DT>
void DestroyList(SqList<DT>& L)
{
delete[] L.elem; // 1.释放表空间
L.length = 0; // 2.属性赋值
L.size = 0;
}
//【算法2.5】 获取第i个元素值
template<class DT>
bool GetElem_i(SqList<DT> L, int i, DT& e)
{
if (i<1 || i>L.length) // 1.位序不合理返回false
{
cout << "该元素不存在!" << endl;
return false;
}
e = L.elem[i - 1]; // 2. 否则获取第i个元素值
return true; // 返回true
}
//【算法2.6】 按值查找
template<class DT>
int LocateElem_e(SqList<DT> L, DT e)
{
for (int i = 1; i <= L.length; i++) // 顺序查找
if (L.elem[i - 1] == e) // 1.找到
return i; // 返回元素位序
return 0; // 2.未找到返回0
}
//【算法2.7】
template<class DT>
bool InsertElem_i(SqList<DT>& L, int i, DT e)
{
if (L.length >= L.size) // 1.表满,不能插入
return false;
if (i<1 || i>L.length + 1) // 2.插入位置不合理,不能插入
return false;
for (int j = L.length; j >= i; j--) // 3. an~ai依次后移
L.elem[j] = L.elem[j - 1];
L.elem[i - 1] = e;
L.length++;
return true; // 插入成功返回true
}
//【算法2.8】 删除第i个元素
template<class DT>
bool DeleElem_i(SqList<DT>& L, int i)
{
if (L.length == 0) // 1.表空,不能删除
return false;
if (i<1 || i>L.length) // 2.删除位置不合理,不能插入
return false;
for (int j = i; j < L.length; j++) // 3. ai+1~an依次前移
L.elem[j - 1] = L.elem[j];
L.length--;
return true; // 删除成功返回true
}
//【算法2.9】
template<class DT>
bool PutElem(SqList<DT>& L, int i, DT e) // 修改第i个元素的值
{
if (i<1 || i>L.length) // 1.位序不合理,不能修改,
return false; // 返回false
L.elem[i - 1] = e; // 2.重置第i个元素值
return true; // 3.修改成功返回true
}
// 清空顺序表
template<class DT>
void ClearList(SqList<DT>& L)
{
L.length = 0; // 空表表长为0
}
// 测表长
template<class DT>
int ListLength(SqList<DT> L)
{
return L.length;
}
template<class DT>
bool ListEmpty(SqList<DT> L) // 测表空
{
if (L.length == 0) // 空表返回true
return true;
else
return false; // 非空表返回false
}
template<class DT>
bool ListFull(SqList<DT> L)
{
if (L.length == L.size) // 表满返回true
return true;
else
return false; // 表不满返回false
}
//【算法2.10】 遍历输出
template <class DT>
void DispList(SqList<DT> L)
{
int i;
for (i = 1; i <= L.length; i++) // 依位序输出元素值
{
cout << L.elem[i - 1] << "\t";
}
cout << endl;
}

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#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "SqList.h"
template <class DT>
bool CreateListNoRepeat(SqList<DT>& L, int n)
{
int i;
if (n > L.size)
{
cout << "元素个数大于表长,不能创建!" << endl;
return false;
}
cout << "请依次输入" << n << "个元素值:" << endl;
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
{
int temp;
cin >> temp;
if (LocateElem_e(L, temp) > 0) i--;
else L.elem[i - 1] = temp;
L.length++;
}
L.length = n;
return true;
}
template <class DT>
void Union(SqList<DT>& A, const SqList<DT>& B)
{
for (int i = 0; i < B.length; ++i)
{
if (LocateElem_e(A, B.elem[i]) == 0)
{
InsertElem_i(A, A.length + 1, B.elem[i]);
}
}
}
template <class DT>
void Intersection(SqList<DT>& A, const SqList<DT>& B)
{
int k = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < A.length; ++i)
{
if (LocateElem_e(B, A.elem[i]) > 0)
{
A.elem[k++] = A.elem[i];
}
}
A.length = k;
}
int main()
{
SqList<int> A;
SqList<int> B;
InitList(A, 32);
InitList(B, 32);
int length_a, length_b;
cout << "请输入集合A的元素个数: ";
cin >> length_a;
CreateListNoRepeat(A, length_a);
cout << "请输入集合B的元素个数: ";
cin >> length_b;
CreateListNoRepeat(B, length_b);
cout << "集合A: ";
DispList(A);
cout << "集合B: ";
DispList(B);
Union(A, B);
cout << "AB: ";
DispList(A);
A.length = length_a; // Reset A to its original length, no need to delete the elements
Intersection(A, B);
cout << "A∩B: ";
DispList(A);
DestroyList(A);
DestroyList(B);
return 0;
}