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綾瀬桃桃
2024-03-18 20:18:12 +08:00
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69
Chapter3/BracketsMatch/BracketsMatch.cpp Normal file
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/***链栈实现括号匹配***/
#include<string>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"LinkStack.h"
//算法3.11 括号的匹配
bool match(string exp)
{
//检验表达式(表达式以"#"结束)中所含"["和"]"、"("和")"是否匹配，如果匹配，则返回true，否则返回false。
//表达式以“#”结束
SNode<char>* S;
InitStack(S);
int flag = 1; // 标记查找结果以控制循环及返回结果
char ch;
char e, x;
int i = 0;
ch = exp[i++]; // 读入第一个字符
while (ch != '#' && flag)
{
switch (ch)
{
case '[':
case '(': // 若是左括号，则将其压入栈
cout << "左括号进栈！" << endl;
Push(S, ch);
break;
case ')': // 若是右括号“)”，则根据栈顶元素的值分情况考虑
GetTop(S, e);
if (!StackEmpty(S) && e == '(') // 若栈非空且栈顶元素是“(”，则匹配成功
{
Pop(S, x);
cout << "右括号出栈！" << endl;
}
else
flag = 0; // 若栈空或栈顶元素不是“(”，则非法
break;
case ']': // 若是右括号“]”，则根据栈顶元素的值分情况考虑
GetTop(S, e);
if (!StackEmpty(S) && e == '[') // 若栈顶元素是“[”，则匹配成功
Pop(S, x);
else
flag = 0; // 若栈空或栈顶元素不是“[”，则非法
break;
}//switch
ch = exp[i++]; //继续读入下一个字符
}//while
if (StackEmpty(S) && flag) // 栈空且标志为true,括号匹配，返回true
return true;
else // 否则，括号不匹配,返回false
return false;
}//match
int main()
{
int flag;
string exp;
cout << "请输入待匹配的表达式，以“#”结束：" << endl;
cin >> exp;
flag = match(exp);
if (flag)
cout << "括号匹配成功！" << endl;
else
cout << "括号匹配失败！" << endl;
return 0;
}//end of main function

138
Chapter3/BracketsMatch/BracketsMatch.vcxproj Normal file
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92
Chapter3/BracketsMatch/LinkStack.h Normal file
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template <class DT>
struct SNode //结点
{
DT data; //数据域，存储数据元素值
SNode* next;//指针域，指向下一个结点
};
//【算法3.6】
template <class DT>
void InitStack(SNode<DT>*& S)//创建空链栈
{
S = NULL;
}
//【算法3.7】
template <class DT>
void DestroyStack(SNode<DT>* (&S))//释放链栈
{
SNode<DT>* p;
while (S)//从头结点开始，依次释放结点
{
p = S;
S = S->next;
delete p;
}
//L=NULL;//头结点指向空
}
//【算法3.8】
template<class DT>
bool Push(SNode<DT>*& S, DT e)
{
SNode<DT>* p;
p = new SNode<DT>;
if (!p) return false; //创建失败，结束运行
p->data = e; // 新结点赋值
p->next = S; //结点S链接到p结点之后
S = p;
return true; // 插入成功，返回true
}
//【算法3.9】
template<class DT>
bool Pop(SNode<DT>*& S, DT& e)
{
SNode<DT>* p;
if (S == NULL) return false;
p = S;
e = p->data;
S = S->next;
delete p;
return true; // 删除成功，返回true
}
//【算法3.10】
template<class DT>
bool GetTop(SNode<DT>* S, DT& e)
{
SNode<DT>* p;
if (S == NULL) return false;
p = S;
e = p->data;
return true; // 删除成功，返回true
}
//测栈空
template<class DT>
bool StackEmpty(SNode<DT>* S)
{
if (S == NULL)
return true;
else
return false;
}
//显示栈内容
template<class DT>
void DispStack(SNode<DT>* S)
{
SNode<DT>* p;
p = S;
while (p)
{
cout << p->data << "\t";
p = p->next;
}
cout << endl;
}

91
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Chapter3/DancePartner/DancePartner.cpp Normal file
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#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
struct dancer // 舞者信息
{
string name; // 姓名
char sex; // 性别
};
struct Node // 队列结点
{
dancer data; // 数据域
Node* next; // 指针域，指向后继
}*front, * rear; // 队头、队尾
struct LinkQueue
{
Node* front;
Node* rear;
}; // 男队和女队
void InitialLinkQueue(LinkQueue& Q) // 初始化队列
{
Q.front = new Node;
Q.front->next = NULL;
Q.rear = Q.front;
}
void DestroyLinkQueue(LinkQueue& Q) // 销毁队列
{
Node* p;
while (Q.front != NULL)
{
p = Q.front;
Q.front = Q.front->next;
delete p;
}
}
void EnQueue(LinkQueue& Q, dancer& e) // 入队
{
Node* s = new Node;
s->data = e;
s->next = Q.rear->next;
Q.rear->next = s;
Q.rear = s;
}
bool IsEmpty(LinkQueue Q) // 判队空
{
if (Q.front == Q.rear)
return true;
else
return false;
}
bool DeQueue(LinkQueue& Q, dancer& e) // 出队
{
Node* p;
if (IsEmpty(Q)) // 队空，
{
cout << "队列为空，无法出队列！";
return false;
}
p = Q.front->next;
e = p->data;
Q.front->next = p->next;
if (p == Q.rear) // 只有一个元素，出队
Q.rear = Q.front; // 修改队尾指针
delete p;
return true;
}
bool GetHead(LinkQueue Q, dancer& e)
{
if (IsEmpty(Q)) // 队空
{
cout << "队列为空，无法取得队首元素！";
return false;
}
e = Q.front->next->data; // 返回队头元素
return true;
}
void QueueTranverse(LinkQueue Q) // 遍历队
{
Node* p;
p = Q.front->next;
while (p != NULL)
{
cout << (p->data).name << " ";
p = p->next;
}
cout << endl;
}
void EntranHall(dancer person[], int num) // 舞者入场
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
{
cout << "请输入第" << i + 1 << "个舞者性别(F(女) or M(男))及姓名:" << endl;
cin >> person[i].sex;
cin >> person[i].name;
}
cout << "现有舞者：" << endl;
for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
{
cout << i + 1 << ":" << person[i].sex
<< "," << person[i].name << endl;
}
}
//算法3.24
void DancePartner(dancer person[], int num)
{
dancer newdancer, m, f, p;
LinkQueue GenQueue;
LinkQueue LadyQueue;
InitialLinkQueue(GenQueue); // 初始化男队
InitialLinkQueue(LadyQueue); // 初始化女队
for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) // 舞者入场
{
p = person[i];
if (p.sex == 'F')
EnQueue(LadyQueue, p);
else
EnQueue(GenQueue, p);
}
while ((!IsEmpty(GenQueue)) && (!IsEmpty(LadyQueue))) // 匹配舞者
{
DeQueue(GenQueue, m); // 女士出队
DeQueue(LadyQueue, f); // 男士出队
cout << m.name << "<---配对--->" << f.name << endl; // 男、女配队
}
if (!IsEmpty(GenQueue))
{
GetHead(GenQueue, m);
cout << m.name << "先生还在等着呢!" << endl;
}
else if (!IsEmpty(LadyQueue))
{
GetHead(LadyQueue, f);
cout << f.name << "女士还在等着呢!" << endl;
}
else
cout << "配对完美结束!" << endl;
DestroyLinkQueue(GenQueue); // 销毁队列
DestroyLinkQueue(LadyQueue);
}
int main()
{
dancer* person;
int num;
cout << "请输入舞伴总数量:" << endl;
cin >> num;
person = new dancer[num];
EntranHall(person, num); // 舞者入场
DancePartner(person, num); // 舞者匹配
return 0;
}

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template <class DT>
struct QNode //结点
{
DT data; //数据域，存储数据元素值
QNode* next;//指针域，指向下一个结点
};
template<class DT>
struct LinkQueue
{
QNode<DT>* front;
QNode<DT>* rear;
};
//【算法3.19】
template <class DT>
void InitQueue(LinkQueue<DT>& Q)//创建空队列
{
Q.front = new QNode<DT>; //创建头结点
if (!Q.front) exit(1); //创建失败，结束运行
Q.front->next = NULL;
Q.rear = Q.front;
}
//【算法3.20】
template <class DT>
void DestroyQueue(LinkQueue<DT>& Q)//释放链队
{
QNode<DT>* p;
while (Q.front)//从头结点开始，依次释放结点
{
p = Q.front;
Q.front = Q.front->next;
delete p;
}
}
//【算法3.21】 入队
template<class DT>
bool EnQueue(LinkQueue<DT>& Q, DT e)
{
QNode<DT>* p;
p = new QNode<DT>; // 创建新结点
if (!p) return false; // 创建失败，结束运行
p->data = e; // 新结点赋值
p->next = NULL; // 链在队尾
Q.rear->next = p;
Q.rear = p;
return true; // 入队成功，返回true
}
//【算法3.22】 出队
template<class DT>
bool DeQueue(LinkQueue<DT>& Q, DT& e)
{
QNode<DT>* p;
if (Q.front == Q.rear) return false; //队空，返回false
p = Q.front->next; // 取出队元素
e = p->data;
Q.front->next = p->next; //队首元素出队
if (Q.rear == p) //只有一个元素时出队，
Q.rear = Q.front; // 修改队尾
delete p;
return true; // 出队成功，返回true
}
//【算法3.23】 取队头元素
template<class DT>
bool GetHead(LinkQueue<DT> Q, DT& e)
{
if (Q.front == Q.rear) return false; // 队空，返回false
e = Q.front->next->data;
return true; // 删除成功，返回true
}
//取队尾元素
template<class DT>
bool GetTail(LinkQueue<DT> Q, DT& e)
{
if (Q.front == Q.rear) // 队空
return false; // 返回false
e = Q.rear->data; // 获取队尾元素
return true; // 返回true
}
//测队空
template<class DT>
bool QueueEmpty(LinkQueue<DT> Q)
{
if (Q.front == Q.rear) // 队空
return true; //返回true
else //非空
return false; //返回false
}
//显示队列内容
template<class DT>
void DispQueue(LinkQueue<DT> Q)
{
QNode<DT>* p;
p = Q.front->next;
while (p)
{
cout << p->data << "\t";
p = p->next;
}
cout << endl;
}

108
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#include<iostream> //cout,cin
using namespace std;
#include "LinkQueue.h"
void dispmenu()
{//显示主菜单
cout << endl;
cout << "1-初始化链队\n";
cout << "2-元素入队\n";
cout << "3-元素出队\n";
cout << "4-取队头元素\n";
cout << "5-取队尾元素\n";
cout << "6-清空队\n";
cout << "7-测队空\n";
cout << "8-显示队列元素\n";
cout << "0-退出\n";
}
char pause;
//主函数
int main()
{
int e;
LinkQueue<int> Q;
system("cls"); // 执行系统命令cls，清屏
int choice;
do
{
dispmenu(); // 显示主菜单
cout << "功能选择(1~8，0 退出):";
cin >> choice;
switch (choice)
{
case 1: // 初始化链队
InitQueue(Q);
cout << endl << "创建成功！" << endl;
break;
case 2: //入队
cout << "输入要插入的元素值：" << endl;
cin >> e;
cout << endl;
if (EnQueue(Q, e))
{
cout << endl << "入队成功！队列元素为：" << endl;
DispQueue(Q);
}
else
cout << endl << "入队不成功！" << endl;
break;
case 3: // 出队
if (DeQueue(Q, e))
{
cout << endl << "出队成功！出队元素为:" << e << endl;
cout << endl << "出队后，队列元素为：" << endl;
DispQueue(Q);
}
else
cout << endl << "队空，出队失败！" << endl;
break;
case 4: // 获取队头元素
if (GetHead(Q, e))
{
cout << "队列元素为：" << endl;
DispQueue(Q);
cout << endl << "队头元素为:" << e << endl;
}
else
cout << endl << "队空！" << endl;
break;
case 5: // 获取队尾元素
if (GetTail(Q, e))
{
cout << "队列元素为：" << endl;
DispQueue(Q);
cout << endl << "队尾元素为:" << e << endl;
}
else
cout << endl << "队空！" << endl;
break;
case 6: // 清空队
ClearQueue(Q);
cout << endl << "队已空!" << endl;
case 7: // 测队空
if (QueueEmpty(Q))
cout << endl << "空队！" << endl;
else
cout << endl << "不是空队！" << endl;
break;
case 8: // 查看队列元素
DispQueue(Q);
cout << endl;
break;
case 0: // 退出
DestroyQueue(Q);
cout << "结束运行Bye-bye!" << endl;
break;
default: // 无效选择
cout << "无效选择!\n";
break;
}
} while (choice != 0);
return 0;
}//end of main function

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template <class DT>
struct QNode //结点
{
DT data; //数据域，存储数据元素值
QNode* next;//指针域，指向下一个结点
};
template<class DT>
struct LinkQueue
{
QNode<DT>* front;
QNode<DT>* rear;
};
//【算法3.19】
template <class DT>
void InitQueue(LinkQueue<DT>& Q)//创建空队列
{
Q.front = new QNode<DT>; //创建头结点
if (!Q.front) exit(1); //创建失败，结束运行
Q.front->next = NULL;
Q.rear = Q.front;
}
//【算法3.20】
template <class DT>
void DestroyQueue(LinkQueue<DT>& Q)//释放链队
{
QNode<DT>* p;
while (Q.front)//从头结点开始，依次释放结点
{
p = Q.front;
Q.front = Q.front->next;
delete p;
}
Q.rear = Q.front = NULL;
}
template <class DT>
void ClearQueue(LinkQueue<DT>& Q) // 清空链队
{
QNode<DT>* p;
while (Q.front->next) //从队头开始，依次释放结点
{
p = Q.front->next;
Q.front->next = p->next;
delete p;
}
Q.front->next = NULL; // 空队
Q.rear = Q.front;
}
//【算法3.21】 入队
template<class DT>
bool EnQueue(LinkQueue<DT>& Q, DT e)
{
QNode<DT>* p;
p = new QNode<DT>; // 创建新结点
if (!p) return false; // 创建失败，结束运行
p->data = e; // 新结点赋值
p->next = NULL; // 链在队尾
Q.rear->next = p;
Q.rear = p;
return true; // 入队成功，返回true
}
//【算法3.22】 出队
template<class DT>
bool DeQueue(LinkQueue<DT>& Q, DT& e)
{
QNode<DT>* p;
if (Q.front == Q.rear) return false; //队空，返回false
p = Q.front->next; // 取出队元素
e = p->data;
Q.front->next = p->next; //队首元素出队
if (Q.rear == p) //只有一个元素时出队，
Q.rear = Q.front; // 修改队尾
delete p;
return true; // 出队成功，返回true
}
//【算法3.23】 取队头元素
template<class DT>
bool GetHead(LinkQueue<DT> Q, DT& e)
{
if (Q.front == Q.rear) return false; // 队空，返回false
e = Q.front->next->data;
return true; // 删除成功，返回true
}
//取队尾元素
template<class DT>
bool GetTail(LinkQueue<DT> Q, DT& e)
{
if (Q.front == Q.rear) // 队空
return false; // 返回false
e = Q.rear->data; // 获取队尾元素
return true; // 返回true
}
//测队空
template<class DT>
bool QueueEmpty(LinkQueue<DT> Q)
{
if (Q.front == Q.rear) // 队空
return true; //返回true
else //非空
return false; //返回false
}
//显示队列内容
template<class DT>
void DispQueue(LinkQueue<DT> Q)
{
QNode<DT>* p;
p = Q.front->next;
while (p)
{
cout << p->data << "\t";
p = p->next;
}
cout << endl;
}

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93
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#include<iostream> //cout,cin
using namespace std;
#include "LinkStack.h"
void dispmenu()
{//显示主菜单
cout << endl;
cout << "1-初始化链栈\n";
cout << "2-元素入栈\n";
cout << "3-元素出栈\n";
cout << "4-取栈顶元素\n";
cout << "5-清空栈\n";
cout << "6-测栈空\n";
cout << "7-显示栈元素\n";
cout << "0-退出\n";
}
//主函数
int main()
{
int e;
SNode<int>* S;
system("cls"); // 清屏
int choice;
do
{
dispmenu(); //显示主菜单
cout << "Enter choice(1~6，0 退出):";
cin >> choice;
switch (choice)
{
case 1: //初始化链栈
InitStack(S);
cout << endl << "创建成功！" << endl;
break;
case 2: //入栈
cout << "输入要入栈的元素值：" << endl;
cin >> e;
cout << endl;
if (Push(S, e))
{
cout << endl << "入栈成功！栈中元素为：" << endl;
DispStack(S);
}
else
cout << endl << "入栈不成功！" << endl;
break;
case 3: //出栈
if (Pop(S, e))
{
cout << endl << "出栈成功！出栈元素为:" << e << endl;
cout << "出栈后，栈中元素为" << endl;
DispStack(S);
}
else
cout << endl << "栈空，出栈失败！" << endl;
break;
case 4: //获取栈顶元素
if (GetTop(S, e))
{
cout << endl << "栈顶元素为:" << e << endl;
}
else
cout << endl << "栈空！" << endl;
break;
case 5: // 清空栈
DestroyStack(S);
cout << "栈已清空!" << endl;
break;
case 6: //测栈空
if (StackEmpty(S))
cout << endl << "空栈！" << endl;
else
cout << endl << "不是空栈！" << endl;
break;
case 7: //显示栈元素
DispStack(S);
cout << endl;
break;
case 0: //退出
DestroyStack(S);
cout << "结束运行Bye-bye!" << endl;
break;
default: //非法选择
cout << "无效选择!\n";
break;
}
} while (choice != 0);
return 0;
}//end of main function

96
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template <class DT>
struct SNode // 结点
{
DT data; // 数据域，存储数据元素值
SNode* next; // 指针域，指向下一个结点
};
//【算法3.6】
template <class DT>
bool InitStack(SNode<DT>*& S) // 创建空链栈
{
S = NULL;
return true;
}
//【算法3.7】
template <class DT>
void DestroyStack(SNode<DT>* (&S)) // 释放链栈所占内存
{
SNode<DT>* p;
while (S) //从头结点开始，依次释放结点
{
p = S;
S = S->next;
delete p;
}
S = NULL;
}
//【算法3.8】
template<class DT>
bool Push(SNode<DT>*& S, DT e)
{
SNode<DT>* p;
p = new SNode<DT>;
if (!p)
return false; //创建失败，结束运行
p->data = e; // 新结点赋值
p->next = S; //结点S链接到p结点之后
S = p;
return true; // 插入成功，返回true
}
//【算法3.9】
template<class DT>
bool Pop(SNode<DT>*& S, DT& e)
{
SNode<DT>* p;
if (S == NULL) return false;
p = S;
e = p->data;
S = S->next;
delete p;
return true; // 删除成功，返回true
}
//【算法3.10】
template<class DT>
bool GetTop(SNode<DT>* S, DT& e)
{
SNode<DT>* p;
if (S == NULL) return false;
p = S;
e = p->data;
return true; // 删除成功，返回true
}
//测栈空
template<class DT>
bool StackEmpty(SNode<DT>* S)
{
if (S == NULL)
return true;
else
return false;
}
//显示栈内容
template<class DT>
void DispStack(SNode<DT>* S)
{
SNode<DT>* p;
p = S;
while (p)
{
cout << p->data << "\t";
p = p->next;
}
cout << endl;
}

138
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126
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#include<iostream>//cout,cin
using namespace std;
#include "SqQueue.h"
char pause;
void dispmenu() //菜单
{
cout << endl;
cout << "1-初始化顺序队列\n";
cout << "2-元素入队\n";
cout << "3-元素出队\n";
cout << "4-取队头元素\n";
cout << "5-取队尾元素\n";
cout << "6-清空队\n";
cout << "7-测队空\n";
cout << "8-测队满\n";
cout << "9-显示队列元素\n";
cout << "10-显示队头、队尾指针\n";
cout << "0-退出\n";
}
//主函数
int main()
{
int i;
int e;
SqQueue<int> Q; // 元素类型为整型的顺序队列
system("cls"); // 清屏
int choice;
do
{
dispmenu(); //显示主菜单
cout << "功能选择(1~10，0 退出！):";
cin >> choice;
switch (choice)
{
case 1: // 初始化顺序队列
cout << "请输入要创建的顺序队列的长度";
cin >> i;
cout << endl;
InitQueue(Q, i);
cout << endl << "创建成功！" << endl;
break;
case 2: // 入队
cout << "输入要入队的元素值：" << endl;
cin >> e;
cout << endl;
if (EnQueue(Q, e))
{
cout << endl << "入队成功！入队后队列元素为：" << endl;
DispQueue(Q);
}
else
cout << endl << "队满，不能入队！" << endl;
break;
case 3: // 出队
if (DeQueue(Q, e))
{
cout << endl << "队列元素为：";
DispQueue(Q);
cout << endl << "出队元素为:" << e << endl;
}
else
cout << endl << "队空，不能出队！" << endl;
break;
case 4: // 取队头元素
if (GetHead(Q, e))
{
cout << endl << "队列元素为：";
DispQueue(Q);
cout << endl << "队头元素为:" << e << endl;
}
else
cout << endl << "队空！" << endl;
break;
case 5: // 取队尾元素
if (GetTail(Q, e))
{
cout << endl << "队列元素为：";
DispQueue(Q);
cout << endl << "队尾元素为:" << e << endl;
}
else
cout << endl << "队空！无数据元素" << endl;
break;
case 6: // 清空队
ClearQueue(Q);
cout << "队已清空!" << endl;
break;
case 7: // 测队空
if (QueueEmpty(Q))
cout << endl << "空队！" << endl;
else
cout << endl << "非空队！" << endl;
break;
case 8: // 测队满
if (QueueFull(Q))
cout << endl << "满队！" << endl;
else
cout << endl << "非满队！" << endl;
break;
case 9: // 显示队列元素
DispQueue(Q);
cout << endl;
break;
case 10:
cout << "\nQ.fornt=" << Q.front << endl;
cout << "Q.rear=" << Q.rear << endl;
break;
case 0: // 退出
DestroyQueue(Q);
cout << "结束运行Bye-bye!" << endl;
break;
default: // 无效选择
cout << "无效选择!\n";
break;
}
} while (choice != 0);
return 0;
}//end of main function

135
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#include<iostream>//cout,cin
using namespace std;
#include "SqStack.h"
char pause;
void dispmenu()
{ //显示主菜单
cout << endl;
cout << "1-初始化顺序栈\n";
cout << "2-元素入栈\n";
cout << "3-元素出栈\n";
cout << "4-取栈顶元素\n";
cout << "5-清空栈\n";
cout << "6-测栈空\n";
cout << "7-测栈满\n";
cout << "8-显示栈元素\n";
cout << "9-查看栈顶指针\n";
cout << "0-退出\n";
}
//主函数
int main()
{
int i;
int e;
SqStack<int> S;//建立容量为20、元素类型为整型的空顺序栈
system("cls"); // 清屏
int choice;
do
{
dispmenu(); // 显示主菜单
cout << "Enter choice(1~6，0 退出):";
cin >> choice;
switch (choice)
{
case 1: // 初始化顺序栈
cout << "请输入要创建的顺序栈的长度";
cin >> i;
cout << endl;
InitStack(S, i);
cout << endl << "创建成功！" << endl;
break;
case 2: // 入栈
cout << "输入要入栈的元素值：" << endl;
cin >> e;
if (Push(S, e))
{
cout << "入栈成功！入栈后栈元素为：" << endl;
DispStack(S);
}
else
cout << endl << "栈满，不能入栈！" << endl;
break;
case 3: // 出栈
if (Pop(S, e))
{
cout << "出栈成功！出栈元素为:" << e << endl;
cout << "出栈后栈元素为：" << endl;
DispStack(S);
}
else
cout << endl << "栈空，出栈失败！" << endl;
break;
case 4: // 取栈顶元素
if (GetTop(S, e))
{
cout << endl << "栈顶元素为:" << e << endl;
}
else
cout << endl << "栈空！" << endl;
break;
case 5: // 清空栈
ClearStack(S);
cout << endl << "栈已空！" << endl;
break;
case 6: // 测栈空
if (StackEmpty(S))
cout << endl << "空栈！" << endl;
else
cout << endl << "不是空栈！" << endl;
break;
case 7: // 测栈满
if (StackFull(S))
cout << endl << "栈满！" << endl;
else
cout << endl << "栈不满！" << endl;
break;
case 8: // 显示栈元素
DispStack(S);
cout << endl;
break;
case 9: // 显示栈顶指针
cout << "栈顶指针top= " << S.top << endl;
cout << endl;
break;
case 0: // 退出
DestroyStack(S);
cout << "结束运行 Bye-bye!" << endl;
break;
default: // 无效选择
cout << "无效选择!\n";
break;
}
} while (choice != 0);
return 0;
}//end of main function

107
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template <class DT>
struct SqStack // 顺序栈
{
DT* base; // 栈首址
int top; // 栈顶指针
int stacksize; // 栈容量
};
//基本操作的实现
//【算法3.1】 // 初始化栈
template <class DT>
void InitStack(SqStack<DT>& S, int m)
{
S.base = new DT[m]; // 申请栈空间
if (S.base == NULL) // 申请失败，退出
{
cout << "未创建成功！";
exit(1);
}
S.top = -1; // 设置空栈属性
S.stacksize = m;
}
//算法3.2】 // 销毁栈
template <class DT>
void DestroyStack(SqStack<DT>& S)
{
delete[] S.base; // 释放栈空间
S.top = -1;
S.stacksize = 0; // 设置栈属性
}
//【算法3.3】 // 入栈
template<class DT>
bool Push(SqStack<DT>& S, DT e)
{
if (S.top == S.stacksize - 1) // 栈满，不能入栈
return false; // 返回false
S.top++;
S.base[S.top] = e;
return true; // 入栈成功，返回true
}
//【算法3.4】 // 出栈
template<class DT>
bool Pop(SqStack<DT>& S, DT& e)
{
if (S.top == -1) // 栈空
return false; // 返回false
e = S.base[S.top]; // 取栈顶元素
S.top--; // 栈顶指针下移
return true; // 出栈成功，返回true
}
//【算法3.5】 // 获取栈顶元素
template<class DT>
bool GetTop(SqStack<DT> S, DT& e)
{
if (S.top == -1) // 栈空
return false; // 返回false
e = S.base[S.top]; // 栈非空，取栈顶元素
return true; // 返回true
}
// 测栈空
template<class DT>
bool StackEmpty(SqStack<DT> S)
{
if (S.top == -1) // 空栈，返回true
return true;
else // 空栈，返回false
return false;
}
//显示栈内容
template<class DT>
void DispStack(SqStack<DT> S)
{
int i = S.top;
while (i >= 0)
{
cout << S.base[i--] << "\t";
}
cout << endl;
}
template<class DT>
void ClearStack(SqStack<DT>& S)
{
S.top = -1;
}
template<class DT>
int StackFull(SqStack<DT> S)
{
if (S.top == S.stacksize - 1)
return 1;
else
return 0;
}

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282
Chapter3/ValExpression/Expresion.cpp Normal file
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#include<iostream> //cout,cin
using namespace std;
#include"SqStack.h"
char pause;
char Precede(char t1, char t2) //算符的优先级比较
{
char f;
switch (t2)
{
case '+':
case '-':if (t1 == '(' || t1 == '=')
f = '<';
else
f = '>';
break;
case '*':
case '/':if (t1 == '*' || t1 == '/' || t1 == ')')
f = '>';
else
f = '<';
break;
case '(':if (t1 == ')')
{
cout << "ERROR1" << endl;
exit(0);
}
else
f = '<';
break;
case ')':switch (t1)
{
case '(':f = '=';
break;
case '=':cout << "ERROR2" << endl;
exit(0);
default: f = '>';
}
break;
case '=':switch (t1)
{
case '=':f = '=';
break;
case '(':cout << "ERROR2" << endl;
exit(0);
default: f = '>';
}
}
return f;
}
bool In(char ch) // 判断 ch 是否为运算符
{
switch (ch)
{
case'+':
case'-':
case'*':
case'/':
case'(':
case')':
case'=':return true;
default:return false;
}
}
float Operate(float a, char theta, float b)
{ // 实施一次运算
float ch;
switch (theta)
{
case'+':ch = a + b;
break;
case'-':ch = a - b;
break;
case'*':ch = a * b;
break;
case'/':ch = a / b;
}
return ch;
}
//算法3.12
float Val_Exp(char* exp) // 中缀表达式求值。
{
SqStack<char> OP; // 运算符栈
SqStack<float> OD; // 运算数栈
InitStack(OP, 30);
InitStack(OD, 30);
char theta;
float a, b, result;
char ch, x; // 存放由键盘接收的字符
char z[6]; // 存放符点数字符串
int i;
Push(OP, '='); // # 是表达式结束标志
ch = *exp++;
GetTop(OP, x);
while (ch != '=' || x != '=')
{
if (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9' || ch == '.') // ch 是操作数
{
i = 0;
do
{
z[i] = ch;
i++;
ch = *exp++;
} while (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9' || ch == '.');
z[i] = '\0';
result = atof(z); // 将字符串数组转为符点型存于result
Push(OD, result);
}
else if (In(ch)) // 是7种运算符之一
switch (Precede(x, ch))
{
case'<':Push(OP, ch); // 栈顶元素优先权低
ch = *exp++;
break;
case'=':Pop(OP, x); // 脱括号并接收下一字符
ch = *exp++;
break;
case'>':Pop(OP, theta); // 退栈并将运算结果入栈
Pop(OD, b);
Pop(OD, a);
Push(OD, Operate(a, theta, b));
}
else // ch是非法字符
{
cout << "ERROR3" << endl;;
exit(0);
}
GetTop(OP, x);
}
GetTop(OD, result);
DestroyStack(OP);
DestroyStack(OD);
return result;
}
void CreatePostExp(char* exp, char*& postexp) // 由中缀式求后缀式
{
char ch, x;
int i = 0;
SqStack<char> OP;
InitStack(OP, 30);
Push(OP, '='); // # 是表达式结束标志
cout << "中缀表达式：" << exp << endl;
ch = *exp++;
while (ch)
{
if ((ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') || ch == '.')
{
postexp[i++] = ch;
ch = *exp++;
}
if (In(ch)) // 是7种运算符之一
{
postexp[i++] = ' ';
GetTop(OP, x);
switch (Precede(x, ch))
{
case'<':Push(OP, ch); // 栈顶元素优先权低
ch = *exp++;
break;
case'=':Pop(OP, x); // 脱括号并接收下一字符
ch = *exp++;
break;
case'>':
Pop(OP, postexp[i++]); // 运算符出栈输出
break;
}
}
postexp[i] = '\0';
}//while
cout << "\n后缀表达式为:" << postexp << endl;
DestroyStack(OP);
}
//算法3.13
float Val_PostExp(char* postexp) // 后缀表达式求值
{
int i;
char z[6];
float result = 0, d = 0, a, b;
char ch;
SqStack<float> OD;
InitStack(OD, 30);
ch = *postexp++;
while (ch != '\0')
{
if (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9' || ch == '.') // ch为操作数符号
{
i = 0;
do
{
z[i++] = ch;
ch = *postexp++; // 取下一个操作数符号
} while (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9' || ch == '.');
z[i] = '\0';
d = atof(z); // 将字符串数组转为符点型存于result
Push(OD, d); // 操作数进栈
}
if (In(ch)) // ch为运算符
{
Pop(OD, a);
Pop(OD, b);
Push(OD, Operate(b, ch, a));
ch = *postexp++;
}
ch = *postexp++;
}
Pop(OD, result);
DestroyStack(OD);
return result;
}
//主函数
void main()
{
//int i;
char exp[20] = "(2.2+5)+4*(5-3.1)=";
char* postexp;
postexp = new char[30];
*postexp = '\0';
float v;
system("cls"); // 清屏
cout << "\n缺省表达式：" << exp;
cout << endl;
int choice;
do
{ // 显示主菜单
cout << endl;
cout << "1-创建表达式\n";
cout << "2-表达式求值\n";
cout << "3-求后缀表达式\n";
cout << "4-后缀表达式求值\n";
cout << "5-显示表达式\n";
cout << "0-退出\n";
cout << "输入功能选项（1~5，0 退出）:\n";
cin >> choice;
switch (choice)
{
case 1: // 创建表达式
cout << "\n请输入表达式，以=结束" << endl;
cin >> exp;
break;
case 2: // 表达式求值
v = Val_Exp(exp);
cout << exp;
cout << v << endl;
break;
case 3: // 求后缀表达式
CreatePostExp(exp, postexp);
break;
case 4: // 后缀表达式求值
v = Val_PostExp(postexp);
cout << '\n' << postexp << "=" << v << endl;
break;
case 5: // 显示表达式
cout << endl;
cout << "\n已创建的表达式为：";
cout << exp << endl;
if (strlen(postexp))
{
cout << "\n后缀表达式为：";
cout << postexp << endl;
}
break;
case 0: // 退出
cout << "\n结束运行，Bye-Bye!" << endl;
break;
default://
cout << "\n无效选择!\n";
break;
}
} while (choice != 0);
}//end main

89
Chapter3/ValExpression/SqStack.h Normal file
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template <class DT>
struct SqStack // 顺序栈
{
DT* base; // 栈首址
int top; // 栈顶指针
int stacksize; // 栈容量
};
//基本操作的实现
//【算法3.1】 // 初始化栈
template <class DT>
void InitStack(SqStack<DT>& S, int m)
{
S.base = new DT[m]; // 申请栈空间
if (S.base == NULL) // 申请失败，退出
{
cout << "未创建成功！";
exit(1);
}
S.top = -1; // 设置空栈属性
S.stacksize = m;
}
//算法3.2】 // 销毁栈
template <class DT>
void DestroyStack(SqStack<DT>& S)
{
delete[] S.base; // 释放栈空间
S.top = -1;
S.stacksize = 0; // 设置栈属性
}
//【算法3.3】 // 入栈
template<class DT>
bool Push(SqStack<DT>& S, DT e)
{
if (S.top == S.stacksize - 1) // 栈满，不能入栈
return false; // 返回false
S.top++;
S.base[S.top] = e;
return true; // 入栈成功，返回true
}
//【算法3.4】 // 出栈
template<class DT>
bool Pop(SqStack<DT>& S, DT& e)
{
if (S.top == -1) // 栈空
return false; // 返回false
e = S.base[S.top]; // 取栈顶元素
S.top--; // 栈顶指针下移
return true; // 出栈成功，返回true
}
//【算法3.5】 // 获取栈顶元素
template<class DT>
bool GetTop(SqStack<DT> S, DT& e)
{
if (S.top == -1) // 栈空
return false; // 返回false
e = S.base[S.top]; // 栈非空，取栈顶元素
return true; // 返回true
}
// 测栈空
template<class DT>
bool StackEmpty(SqStack<DT> S)
{
if (S.top == -1) // 空栈，返回true
return true;
else // 空栈，返回false
return false;
}
//显示栈内容
template<class DT>
void DispStack(SqStack<DT> S)
{
int i = S.top;
while (i >= 0)
{
cout << S.base[i--] << "\t";
}
cout << endl;
}

138
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