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Experiment3/Exp3-2.sql

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+Use TPCH;
+Go
+-- (1) 创建表时定义参照完整性
+-- 先定义地区表的实体完整性，再定义国家表上的参照完整性。
+CREATE TABLE Sales_Exp3.region (
+                                   regionkey INT PRIMARY KEY,
+                                   name CHAR(25),
+                                   comment VARCHAR(152)
+);
+CREATE TABLE Sales_Exp3.nation (
+                                   nationkey INT PRIMARY KEY,
+                                   name CHAR(25),
+                                   regionkey INT REFERENCES Sales_Exp3.region(regionkey), /* 列级参照完整性 */
+                                   comment VARCHAR(152)
+);
+-- OR
+DROP TABLE Sales_Exp3.nation;
+CREATE TABLE Sales_Exp3.nation (
+                                   nationkey INT PRIMARY KEY,
+                                   name CHAR(25),
+                                   regionkey INT,
+                                   comment VARCHAR(152),
+                                   CONSTRAINT FK_Nation_Region FOREIGN KEY (regionkey) REFERENCES Sales_Exp3.region(regionkey) /* 表级参照完整性 */
+);
+Go
+DROP TABLE Sales_Exp3.nation;
+Go
+-- (2) 创建表后定义参照完整性
+-- 定义国家表的参照完整性。
+CREATE TABLE Sales_Exp3.nation (
+                                   nationkey INT PRIMARY KEY,
+                                   name CHAR(25),
+                                   regionkey INT,
+                                   comment VARCHAR(152)
+);
+ALTER TABLE Sales_Exp3.nation
+    ADD CONSTRAINT FK_Nation_Region FOREIGN KEY (regionkey) REFERENCES Sales_Exp3.region(regionkey);
+Go
+-- (3) 定义参照完整性（外码由多个属性组成）
+-- 定义订单项目表的参照完整性。
+CREATE TABLE Sales_Exp3.Supplier(suppkey INT PRIMARY KEY, name CHAR(25));
+CREATE TABLE Sales_Exp3.Part(partkey INT PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR(55));
+CREATE TABLE Sales_Exp3.Orders(orderkey INT PRIMARY KEY, orderdate DATE);
+Go
+CREATE TABLE Sales_Exp3.PartSupp (
+                                     partkey INT,
+                                     suppkey INT,
+                                     availqty INT,
+                                     supplycost REAL,
+                                     comment VARCHAR(199),
+                                     PRIMARY KEY (partkey, suppkey)
+);
+CREATE TABLE Sales_Exp3.Lineitem (
+                                     orderkey INT REFERENCES Sales_Exp3.Orders(orderkey),
+                                     partkey INT REFERENCES Sales_Exp3.Part(partkey),
+                                     suppkey INT REFERENCES Sales_Exp3.Supplier(suppkey),
+                                     linenumber INT,
+                                     quantity REAL,
+                                     extendedprice REAL,
+                                     discount REAL,
+                                     tax REAL,
+                                     returnflag CHAR(1),
+                                     linestatus CHAR(1),
+                                     shipdate DATE,
+                                     commitdate DATE,
+                                     receiptdate DATE,
+                                     shipinstruct CHAR(25),
+                                     shipmode CHAR(10),
+                                     comment VARCHAR(44),
+                                     PRIMARY KEY (orderkey, linenumber),
+                                     FOREIGN KEY (partkey, suppkey) REFERENCES Sales_Exp3.PartSupp(partkey, suppkey)
+);
+Go
+DROP TABLE Sales_Exp3.nation;
+Go
+-- (4) 定义参照完整性的违约处理
+-- 定义国家表的参照完整性，当删除或修改被参照表记录时，设置参照表中相应记录的值为空值。
+CREATE TABLE Sales_Exp3.nation (
+                                   nationkey INT PRIMARY KEY,
+                                   name CHAR(25),
+                                   regionkey INT NULL,
+                                   comment VARCHAR(152),
+                                   CONSTRAINT FK_Nation_regionkey
+                                       FOREIGN KEY (regionkey) REFERENCES Sales_Exp3.region(regionkey)
+                                           ON DELETE SET NULL
+                                           ON UPDATE SET NULL
+);
+Go
+-- (5) 删除参照完整性
+-- 删除国家表的外码
+ALTER TABLE Sales_Exp3.nation
+    DROP CONSTRAINT FK_Nation_regionkey;
+Go
+-- (6) 插入一条国家记录，验证参照完整性是否起作用
+/* 插入一条国家记录，如果'1001'号地区记录不存在，违反参照完整性约束。 */
+ALTER TABLE Sales_Exp3.nation
+    ADD CONSTRAINT PK_Nation_regionkey
+        FOREIGN KEY (regionkey) REFERENCES Sales_Exp3.region(regionkey)
+            ON DELETE SET NULL
+            ON UPDATE SET NULL;
+Go
+INSERT INTO Sales_Exp3.nation (nationkey, name, regionkey, comment)
+VALUES (1001, 'nation1', 1001, 'comment1');
+Go
+/* [23000][547] 行 1: INSERT 语句与 FOREIGN KEY 约束"PK_Nation_regionkey"冲突。该冲突发生于数据库"TPCH"，表"Sales_Exp3.region", column 'regionkey'。 */