105 lines
5.0 KiB
Transact-SQL
105 lines
5.0 KiB
Transact-SQL
Use TPCH;
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Go
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-- (1) 创建表时定义参照完整性
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-- 先定义地区表的实体完整性，再定义国家表上的参照完整性。
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CREATE TABLE Sales_Exp3.region (
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regionkey INT PRIMARY KEY,
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name CHAR(25),
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comment VARCHAR(152)
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);
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CREATE TABLE Sales_Exp3.nation (
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nationkey INT PRIMARY KEY,
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name CHAR(25),
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regionkey INT REFERENCES Sales_Exp3.region(regionkey), /* 列级参照完整性 */
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comment VARCHAR(152)
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);
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-- OR
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DROP TABLE Sales_Exp3.nation;
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CREATE TABLE Sales_Exp3.nation (
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nationkey INT PRIMARY KEY,
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name CHAR(25),
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regionkey INT,
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comment VARCHAR(152),
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CONSTRAINT FK_Nation_Region FOREIGN KEY (regionkey) REFERENCES Sales_Exp3.region(regionkey) /* 表级参照完整性 */
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);
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Go
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DROP TABLE Sales_Exp3.nation;
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Go
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-- (2) 创建表后定义参照完整性
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-- 定义国家表的参照完整性。
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CREATE TABLE Sales_Exp3.nation (
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nationkey INT PRIMARY KEY,
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name CHAR(25),
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regionkey INT,
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comment VARCHAR(152)
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);
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ALTER TABLE Sales_Exp3.nation
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ADD CONSTRAINT FK_Nation_Region FOREIGN KEY (regionkey) REFERENCES Sales_Exp3.region(regionkey);
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Go
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-- (3) 定义参照完整性（外码由多个属性组成）
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-- 定义订单项目表的参照完整性。
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CREATE TABLE Sales_Exp3.Supplier(suppkey INT PRIMARY KEY, name CHAR(25));
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CREATE TABLE Sales_Exp3.Part(partkey INT PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR(55));
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CREATE TABLE Sales_Exp3.Orders(orderkey INT PRIMARY KEY, orderdate DATE);
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Go
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CREATE TABLE Sales_Exp3.PartSupp (
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partkey INT,
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suppkey INT,
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availqty INT,
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supplycost REAL,
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comment VARCHAR(199),
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PRIMARY KEY (partkey, suppkey)
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);
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CREATE TABLE Sales_Exp3.Lineitem (
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orderkey INT REFERENCES Sales_Exp3.Orders(orderkey),
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partkey INT REFERENCES Sales_Exp3.Part(partkey),
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suppkey INT REFERENCES Sales_Exp3.Supplier(suppkey),
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linenumber INT,
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quantity REAL,
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extendedprice REAL,
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discount REAL,
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tax REAL,
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returnflag CHAR(1),
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linestatus CHAR(1),
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shipdate DATE,
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commitdate DATE,
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receiptdate DATE,
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shipinstruct CHAR(25),
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shipmode CHAR(10),
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comment VARCHAR(44),
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PRIMARY KEY (orderkey, linenumber),
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FOREIGN KEY (partkey, suppkey) REFERENCES Sales_Exp3.PartSupp(partkey, suppkey)
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);
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Go
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DROP TABLE Sales_Exp3.nation;
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Go
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-- (4) 定义参照完整性的违约处理
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-- 定义国家表的参照完整性，当删除或修改被参照表记录时，设置参照表中相应记录的值为空值。
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CREATE TABLE Sales_Exp3.nation (
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nationkey INT PRIMARY KEY,
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name CHAR(25),
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regionkey INT NULL,
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comment VARCHAR(152),
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CONSTRAINT FK_Nation_regionkey
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FOREIGN KEY (regionkey) REFERENCES Sales_Exp3.region(regionkey)
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ON DELETE SET NULL
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ON UPDATE SET NULL
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);
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Go
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-- (5) 删除参照完整性
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-- 删除国家表的外码
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ALTER TABLE Sales_Exp3.nation
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DROP CONSTRAINT FK_Nation_regionkey;
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Go
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-- (6) 插入一条国家记录，验证参照完整性是否起作用
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/* 插入一条国家记录，如果'1001'号地区记录不存在，违反参照完整性约束。 */
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ALTER TABLE Sales_Exp3.nation
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ADD CONSTRAINT PK_Nation_regionkey
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FOREIGN KEY (regionkey) REFERENCES Sales_Exp3.region(regionkey)
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ON DELETE SET NULL
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ON UPDATE SET NULL;
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Go
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INSERT INTO Sales_Exp3.nation (nationkey, name, regionkey, comment)
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VALUES (1001, 'nation1', 1001, 'comment1');
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Go
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/* [23000][547] 行 1: INSERT 语句与 FOREIGN KEY 约束"PK_Nation_regionkey"冲突。该冲突发生于数据库"TPCH"，表"Sales_Exp3.region", column 'regionkey'。 */ |